Thursday, September 15, 2016

PSA: 25. Time to pay attention

Sept. 15, 2016

Hi, Kiddo.

I just received a phone call from the doctor who did my June 27 saturation biopsy, which confirmed that I have prostate cancer. Only 1 percent of the prostate was sampled in the biopsy, and the cancer that was found from that sample didn't appear particularly aggressive. But it was something to keep an eye on.

At the time of the most recent biopsy, my PSA had been measured at 19. It is now 25, a 31 percent increase in less than three months.

In May 2006, the score was 8.1, when 4 would be the standard range. It climbed and fell a bit over time, but in May 2014 -- eight years later -- the score registered at 8.9. Sometime after that it began climbing, and now the climb seems to be accelerating. This has my doctor's attention.

My understanding is that radiation is a very effective way to kill off prostate cancer, so I am scheduled for a consult with a radiologist on October 6, after I return from a road trip to Colorado. If the radiologist gives the go-ahead, then my doctor will have me in the office for a procedure very much like a standard biopsy to place what he calls "markers," and what I call "targets" in my prostate so that there will be a means of aiming the X-ray machine at the offending organ. You'll recall, I hope, my description of my non-anasthesetic biopsies over the years. The procedure will be something like that. A little uncomfortable, but nothing miserable.

The greatest inconvenience will be that, if I have the radiation treatments, they will require me to be on hand for several office visits, which may postpone my plans to visit you this winter. I'll let you know more when I know more. Because of the timing, whether I go ahead with radiation treatments and how that will affect my travel schedule won't be resolved until October 6.

Sorry about that.

Love,

Dad
Cancer--The Crab

Thursday, August 18, 2016

Biopsy


Hi, Tracy.

Biopsy. It sounds invasive, doesn't it? Well, it is. I think I've had five of them over a period of 11 years. Until the last one, when a small  cancer was discovered, they had been remarkably reasurring -- but probably for the wrong reasons.

 As I've said in earlier blogs, the PSA test (prostate specific antigen -- the indicator of possible prostate cancer) is highly controversial, largely because prostate cancer is more or less going to come to all men who live long enough, and most will die of something else before the cancer becomes serious enough to treat. The PSA can be accused of creating a lot of useless worry.

But perhaps that consensus -- or majority opinion, or whatever it is--was just emerging at the time of my first biopsy. Whatever the case, I had one in 2005 because my PSA was 6, when the normal level was 2-4 for a 60-year-old man.

Biopsy the first

The "high" score led to my being alone in a small room with the doctor. He told me to mount the table and assume the fetal. And then he affirmed for all time that I was not a candidate for gay sex, by introducing me to the ANAL PROBE.

Given the location of my eyes, I didn't get a good look at the instrument, but it appeared to be a funnel-like device with a bulbous tip through which a long needle was poked. The needle was some sort of tube that could penetrate tissue and grab a tiny piece of it -- something about the thickness of a pencil lead and perhaps one-eighth inch long, if that.

As he pushed this into my behind, I told him I felt a great deal of pressure to pee. "Oh, just go ahead and pee on the floor" he said. They would clean it up aferward. I decided to tough it out, and declined.

The doctor could take 8-12 samples. Each sample was preceeded by the sound of what appeared to be a gathering buildup of air that would then be released in a sudden burst, driving the needle through the wall of my rectum or intestine and into the prostate, where it would take a little snip. It was like a damned drum roll.  I could feel the pressure building and then there was a sudden anticipated puff, a mild jolt, and silence after which he twisted the device to aim for a different part of my prostate.

I'm not a praying man, but I am a hoping man, and I  hoped that he would stop at eight. My hope was answered.

About a week or so later I was on the subway at SeaTac airport, heading for the S gate and a flight to Kauai, my favorite Hawaiian island. My cell phone rang, and trying to be discrete in the presence of my traveling companion and several strangers, I learned that no cancer was discovered.

Biopsy the second

Time passed and my PSA went up a smidgen to 8 or 9 or someting.
A second biopsy was scheduled. This one hurt. It really hurt. I want into shock and had to lay on the gurney for a while afterward. Imagine a probe wrapped in sandpaper. Rough sandpaper. That's how it felt. I don't know if he forgot the lube, or what, but it was not a good experience.

But the good news was that there was no cancer. In the post-biopsy consult the doctor explained that the odds of finding prostate cancer drop dramatically after two positive outcomes. So even though my PSA was high, I was clear.

Biopsy the third

The PSA kept going up. By now it was in the range of 10 or above, I believe. Group health has the figures on its Web site, but I can't access them right now because I'm in a plane over the Pacific, heading for Vietnam. It was high enough  however, to have a third biopsy. You see, I am very healthy. I drink moderately, don't smoke, don't have heart disease, and get plenty of exercise as a ballroom dancer. I'm cursed with enough longevity that if I developed prostate cancer, I might live long enough that it would become uncomfortable.

Remembering Biopsy Number Two, I asked the doctor whether anything could be done to make things more comfortable. He suggested a shot in the area where the Anal Probe penetrates. Great. One more needle before the big needle, I thought. But actually, that was a good idea. I didn't feel the deadening needle, and after this third biopsy I almost said "thank you sir, can I have another?" If you've ever seen the movie, Animal House, you may recognize the line as being spoken by a pledge who is having his hindquarters cruelly smacked with a paddle as part of his initiation into a fraternity of sadists. It was nothing like that at all. Quite accceptable, if not pleasant, actually.

No cancerous tissue from Biopsy Number Three. Now the odds of having prostate cancer really drop out of sight.

Saturation Biopsy

I moved to Seattle. My PSA was increased to the teens. I talked to a urologist, and understood him to say that, if I get to a score of 20 and have a cancer, there's a 50% chance it has spread beyond the prostate. I have since learned that this wasn't precisely what he said, but nevertheless we decided on a saturation biopsy -- 50 samples taken, this time under anesthesia.

Biopsy the Fourth

I love nurses. They have a great sense of humor, or else they just are indoctrinated to believe the patient is always right.

Or likeable. Or something. Whatever.

I think this was the time when I was laying on a gurney waiting for the biopsy when the short, round face beautifully homely nurse with thick glasses and a mouth full of smiling teeth came up and looked me in the eye. I say she was short, because her face standing up was about even with mine lying down. Now this may actually have been the time I had my colonoscopy, but I'll claim it was the fourth biopsy, just for the sake of a good story that hangs together with fine narrative complexity.

"Is there anything I can get for you?" she asked. "Yeah, sweetlheart," I replied. "Can you get me some Viagra? I'm afraid of rolling off this gurney" "Oh, you need a little kick stand, do you?" she shot back, with a twinkle you couldn't miss through those coke-bottle lenses that sat just a couple inches above all those chuckling teeth. She may have nodded her head enthusiastically, as well.

I figured I'd have to wear Depends someday, but  not so young. But after 50 jabs I ended up passing blood in two directions for a while. As with any surgury, this was not a drive-yourself-home day this time. A male friend delivered me up to the condo, but I was fine to be alone overnight.

None of the samples showed a hint of cancer. Not only that, my PSA score fell. We must have put the fear of God into that little organ. Slapped it up-side the head. It calmed down.

For a while.

Biopsy the Fifth--five years later

This occurred this last spring. My PSA is now 19. It had been 16 early in the year, prompting a closer monitoring of the growth. A second blood test showed what appeared to be this further growth spurt in the PSA. This time the urologist probed from two directions -- through the intestine, and from beneath, in order to reach parts of the prostate that were not accesssible for the earlier biopsies. And this time, taking 24 samples and less than 1 percent of the prostate's tissue, they found the cancers we are now keeping an eye on.

And what does it mean? Well, they are not aggressive, and probably half the men in my age category have a cancer of some sort growing in their prostates. Nothing unusual there. So the procedure now is to take more blood tests, monitor the PSA, and continue to keep a watch, with options for another MRI and perhaps annual biopsies.

Metaphorically, it's probably a lot like living on the frontier. You know there's carnivores out there, and you keep an eye out for them, but you don't worry about them until they give you a reason.

Nurse wanker

Oh, by the way, there's another nurse story to share. My prostate was a few years older and didn't take this second saturation biopsy lying down. In the recovery booth, I had a great urge to pee, along with a urethra that was just not cooperating. (I think my prostate had a get-even choke hold on it.) After two trips to the bathroom with that fancy robe they give you which insults everyone who's behind you, I started hearing disconcerting terms being thrown around -- one term actually: Catheter. That motivated me. I tried and tried, while the nurse held the bed pan. Somewhere in the course of events, she used the endearing term, "wanker." I was shocked. SHOCKED! She explained that she had grown up with five brothers. Well OK, she had established the parameters of our discussion, so  in my frustration and discomfort I asked her whether, instead of using a catheter, there might be some nurse on the staff who had grown up on a farm. She took the question in good cheer.

However, no such luck. They called in Nurse Catheter. "Does your mother know what you do," I asked, as she coaxed Monsier Wanker into eating the catheter. "My mother's dead, she said. For some reason she whispered that quietly into my ear. She didn't sound malevolent . . .

Love,
Dad
Cancer--The Crab

Friday, July 29, 2016

Post radiologist dialog
July 15, 2016

Tracy,

Here are some communications I've had with my urologist following my MRI, biopsy and bone scans.  The quick and dirty is -- it's interesting that  I'm now a cancer patient, but the disease is otherwise unremarkable, and non-threatening at this time. The odds are good that the cancer will grow slowly. If it becomes more active, the odds are very good that it can be eliminated through radiation before it spreads to other organs, with possible discomfort, but otherwise manageable  impact on surrounding tissue. The probabilities are vastly in my favor.

The communication follows:

----- Message -----From: SMITH,ROBERT D
Sent: 7/15/2016 2:07 PM PDT
To: *************************, MD
Subject: RE: Bone scan
Hi, Dr. G*****. It's not clear from your message whether you want a face-to-face, or just an e-mail conversation, so I will start with an e-mail.

Here's my recall from what I learned today:



  1. Very little chance that anything more than some "seed cells" have migrated from the prostate, if that. 
  2. High PSA could be due to the size of my prostate (no news there); in light of the biopsy, I probably have a low grade cancer -- while at the same time acknowledging that there might be something more aggressive lurking there. 
  3. Men over 65 who developed prostate cancer and treated it with radiation had a very good recovery rate, with about a 2 percent chance of fatalities. (I know I'm not being very precise here.) 
  4. Radioactive seeding of the prostate is about as effective as radiation from an external source, and both are fairly effective at controlling the disease. My understanding is that that the risk of causing another cancer is limited and the likelihood of terminating growth of the current cancer is very good. 
  5. There is not a sense of urgency. Dr. G****** talked about annual biopsies and continuing to watch the cancer.


This obviously isn't all we covered in our consult, but these are the high points as I understand them. 
Based on what he said, my thinking is to rely on PSA, biopsy and MRI for now, with an eye to external radiation treatment if it seems warranted. One model might be 6-month intervals for PSA, a possible MRI if there's a sharp growth spurt in the PSA score, and annual biopsies. 
This is my layman's analysis and I accept it might be flawed, so I'm interested in your thinking, and I'm open to your suggestions. I'm up for a face-to-face if you believe that's appropriate. I'm available 21 July -17 August, except for July 25, if you feel that a meeting is warranted.

Sincerely , 
Robert Smith

==========================

To:
Robert D Smith 
From: ********************, MD Received:7/15/2016  4:31 PM PD 
Hi Robert,
Thanks for the message. You have a good summary of the situation. A phone visit would likely suffice for any follow-up questions.
I scheduled you for a phone visit for Thursday July 21 at 8:00 AM.
Please feel free to contact me with any further questions or concerns. 

Regards, 
**************,
MD Capitol Hill Urology

Results of phone consult: I will have PSA (prostate specific antigen) blood draws every four months to see whether the prostate calms down or continues to generate higher PSA scores. We will respond to what we observe.

Love,
Dad


Bone scan results
July 13, 2016

Hi, Kiddo.
Here's the result of the bone scan I had -- the cancer hasn't spread. Key points are underlined.

Study Result
IMPRESSION: 
No convincing evidence of bone metastases.
Degenerative changes as noted above.
END OF IMPRESSION.
_________________________________________ 
Signed by: *****************
Date: 7/13/2016 4:59 PM

Narrative
[HST]: Prostate cancer with PSA of 19- rule out mets
EXAMINATION: TOTAL BODY BONE SCAN, 11/13/2015
CLINICAL INDICATION: Prostate carcinoma.

COMPARISON: No previous.

RADIOPHARMACEUTICAL: 27 mCi of Tc99m-MDP, I.V.

PROCEDURE: Following intravenous injection Tc99m-MDP, three hour 
delayed images of the total body were obtained in anterior and 
posterior projections. 

FINDINGS: 
In the right acromioclavicular joint, there is asymmetrically 
increased radiotracer uptake. This is typical for degenerative 
changes.

Left first digit carpometacarpal joint with degenerative changes.
Right medial proximal tibia uptake is compatible with degenerative 
changes.

Small joint uptake of the bilateral feet and ankle are compatible 
with degenerative changes.

No abnormally increased radiotracer uptake to suggest bone metastases.

Kidneys are symmetrical and normal.

That's it -- that's the report
Love, Dad.


Prepping for the bone scan  
July 13, 2016

Hi, Kiddo.
I had an infusion this morning, and in a short while I will have a full body bone scan. It's nothing unusual for someone my age. A few weeks ago a doctor explained to me that, at age 70, I had a 50 percent chance of prostate cancer, and that's indeed what my urologist found when he performed the saturation biopsy on June 27. At my age prostate cancer obviously is very common. Usually it is extremely slow growing, presenting virtually no threat. But there are some considerations, the main one being a high PSA (prostate specific antigen) count of 19, when the norm is 2-4. What is especially interesting is that the count has gone from gradual growth over several years to an escalated growth, which has gotten the attention of me and my urologist.

You'll note that I'm writing this somewhat impersonally, because this is more than an e-mail to you -- these messages have become a blog about this process, so that I can track this as a bona fide cancer patient, which I now am. I'm doing this because we are both male, and some day, unless there are dramatic changes in medicine relating to men's health, you have a high probability of developing prostate cancer as well. You are more than my heir from a standpoint of estate. You are my genetic heir as well, and also a social heir. And, as I said, you are male. So, you should have at least a mild interest in the progress of this disease.

While I am not advertising the blog, it's there to be discovered by other men my age who may be curious about what may befall them. My understanding is that it's a virtual certainty that all men who live long enough will eventually develop the disease over time -- and so they might as well have a sense of what to expect. Perhaps they will benefit from what I write here. While it's unusual for me to publish information about my nether regions, I'm comfortable with it, because in a sense this is not my story alone; it is kind of an Everyman morality play.

It's also an opportunity to keep a record for my own use on how this progresses.

The blog is not going to be highly technical. Those who want to know all the minutia can speak to their urologist or oncologist, or they can  perform online research. On the other hand, it provides a foundation for any man to start from.

By now you may have guessed why I asked you to produce the graphic of a man beholding a crab in his outstretched palm, much like the image of Hamlet, contemplating the skull of Yorick. "Cancer", as you may know, is Latin for "crab." Ironically, according to a Google search, 


cancer, is the dimmest of the 13 constellations of the Zodiac, having only two stars above the fourth magnitude. Cancer lies between Leo, the lion, and Gemini, the twins.

Well, my biopsy, which involved probing in the vicinity of my Leo and Gemini, also turned up two stars out of 24 samples, so there's some symmetry there.

And so, in honor of this adventure, which has roots dating back to about 2005, when my heightened PSA first became known, I am calling my newest blog Crabwatch. And I'll be watching my cancer -- as much as I am able, anyway, considering where it's situated.

Love, 
Dad


Biopsy results--carcinoma.
June 27, 2016

Tracy,
Five years ago, 50 samples were plucked from my prostate, probing from one direction. This time the doctor probed from two directions and settled for 24 samples, two of which proved to be cancerous. Here is the specific language, with key words highlighted in bold face:

DIAGNOSIS A,B,C) RIGHT ANTERIOR (APEX, MID, BASE), NEEDLE BIOPSIES: PROSTATIC
PARENCHYMA; NO CARCINOMA IDENTIFIED


D) LEFT ANTERIOR APEX: FOCAL PROSTATIC ADENOCARCINOMA, GLEASON SCORE 3+3=6
OF 10:Carcinoma length: 0.1 cm.Total biopsy length: 1.8 cm.Cores
involved: 1 of 2.Perineural invasion: Not identified.
E,F) LEFT ANTERIOR (MID, BASE): PROSTATIC PARENCHYMA; NO CARCINOMA
IDENTIFIED. 
H) RIGHT MID: FOCAL PROSTATIC ADENOCARCINOMA, GLEASON SCORE 3+3=6 OF
10:Carcinoma length: 0.13 cm.
Total biopsy length: 3.4 cm.Cores involved: 1 of 2.Perineural invasion:
Not identified.
High-grade PIN.


G, I) RIGHT (BASE, APEX): PROSTATIC PARENCHYMA; NO CARCINOMA IDENTIFIED. 

J,K,L) LEFT (BASE, MID, APEX): PROSTATIC PARENCHYMA; NO CARCINOMA
IDENTIFIED. 
High-grade PIN (L, left apex)

I will spare you any further technospeak, such as the meaning of the Gleason Score, because I don't understand them very well to begin with. But the upshot is that out of 24 samples taken (representing less than 1 percent of the volume of the prostate), two incidents of a low-grade cancer were identified.

Considering the facts that 1) I'm going on to 71 years old, with  half the men my age facing a similar outcome and 2) that no aggressive cancers have been found, I'm attentive, but not worried.

Althought the results of the MRI suggested nothing alarming was discovered in my prostate, the fact that carcinomas were found has prompted my urologist to call for a bone scan, to see whether there is any indication of the spread of this disease. So I'll be lying on my back once more, while a machine looks me over. I'll keep you posted.

Love,
Dad

Cancer--The Crab

Notifying the kiddo
June 20, 2016

Hi, Tracy.
It's always a toss-up on how much to tell you about my prostate, because the science is so incomplete. My prostate-specific antigen score has climbed suddenly, so I'm scheduled for my second saturation biopsy (first was five years ago) to determine whether I have prostate cancer, and if I do, whether it's the type of cancer to be concerned about. This is somewhat a fool's errand, because at 70 years old there's a 50 percent chance I have it anyway and that's it's nothing to worry about. This an aggravating issue for the doctor who will be performing the surgery, because the indicators are so ambiguous and the practice of even bothering to watch the PSA is controversial. So I have a biopsy next Monday when many in the medical field would say "don't bother!" But you are my son, and male, so I hope you will find this informative, but I hope not worrisome.

Here's the synopsis: In 2005 I had a PSA score that was about 6, if I recall, while the normal was 2-4. So I had a rather uncomfortable through-your-behind-opening biopsy that jabs a needle through your intestinal wall to pluck out a piece of tissue about 1/8 inch long and thinner than a pencil lead. They took 8 samples, examined them under a microscope, and found nothing. The PSA kept inching up, so I had a couple more biopsies over the years and was operating under the assumption that the odds of having cancer were really low after so many negative biopsies. But having a long life expectancy means I should pay attention, because I won't necessarily have the convenience of dying of something else before prostate cancer can take me down. So in 2011, I had my first  saturation biopsy, when my score was somewhat in the range of 10. The doctor took 50 samples.

Nada. Zip. Nothing.

My doctor told me to just continue to monitor it. It bumped up and down a bit, and then a couple months ago it was at 16, and we did another blood draw a bit later and it was at 19. The PSA score was growing rapidly.
This led to my having an MRI of the pelvic area about a month or so ago, and nothing was found, but just to be on the safe side the saturation biopsy has been scheduled for next Monday. I'm fatalistic about all of this, and not particularly worried. It will be what it will be.

A few years ago I was given the understanding that when the PSA reaches 20 there's a 50 percent chance that you have cancer and it has metastasized.  But now it's my understanding that only if you have an aggressive cancer there's a 50 percent chance it's metasticized at a score of 20. I think that's what the stats are; I'm getting a little fuzzy on this stuff.

I went in for my pre-op interview today and the doctor gave me some sort of 3 percent figure for fatalities from prostate cancer. You'll find it in most males by the time they are 80, or something like that. At this point I have stopped trying to understand and remember all the stats.

The difference between this biopsy and the last one is this: five years ago they probed the prostate through the intestine wall. This angle limits the percentage of the prostate they can sample. This time they approach from the perinea, the area in front of the anus extending to  the scrotum. I may be walking strangely for a few days following the procedure. They will probably take 40-50 samples including parts of the prostate they couldn't reach through the other method.

By the way, the MRI cost just under $400 and was covered by health insurance. I'm sure the surgery will be a lot more expensive.

So, this e-mail is just an F.Y.I. because I think as my son and heir you should at least be aware of what's happening.

OK, I've told you. Now I fully expect life to go on as it always has....

Love,

Dad